论文标题:从亚伯拉罕谈起
To Begin with Abraham
论文作者 张凤
论文导师 王振林,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 外国哲学
论文单位 吉林大学,点击次数 6,论文页数 36页File Size946k
2005-04-15论文免费下载 http://paper.dic123.com/lunwen_285028912/ 孤独个体;信仰;荒谬;内在性;信仰骑士
college students; subjective well-being; Campbell Index of Well-being
本文主要结合克尔凯郭尔的著作《恐惧与颤栗》中引用的亚伯拉罕杀子献祭的故事来对克尔凯郭尔哲学思想进行理论阐释与探讨。 从亚伯拉罕的故事中主要折射了孤独个体一上帝三层意思:(1)理性与非理性的矛盾,这构成了信仰的荒谬性;(2)伦理与非伦理的矛盾,这表明了信仰的绝对性;(3)自我虚无与个体内在真实性的矛盾,这强化了信仰的内在性。 克尔凯郭尔的思想深层次地触及到了人的存在,尤其人的内心的存在,直面真实的个人。突出了信仰对存在的意义,强调个体生存体验内在性和主观性。不可避免的,其思想社会情感浅薄,脱离了社会现实。
To Begin With Abraham—an Understanding of Kierkegaard"s Philosophy tries to explain and discuss a Danish philosopher Kierkegaard"s philosophy in theory , mainly revolving around the story of Abraham sacrificing his son for God ,which was cited in Fear and Trembling by Kierkegaard.In Fear and Trembling , Kierkegaard quoted this story to indicate the suspension of religion to ethics , including some problems of the single individual , the absurdity of faith , the insideness of faith and so on". God asked Abraham to sacrifice Isaac , his loved son . And lonely,silently and hopelessly did Abraham have to come face to face with God , fearing and trembling .He made his own important choice—to kill his son for sacrifice . However , at the last moment , God used the selected ram as Isaac . So , Abraham passed god"s test, and moreover won his dear son . He became a lonely faith knight finally.The conception of the single individual is the very heart and beginning of Kierkegaard"s philosophy. Also, it is the effective weapon which he used against popular Hegelism then. It isn"t an epistemological rational individual, but an irrational existential one, who is always self—contradicting, acting, experiencing and chosing ,with passion and strong—will. Such an individual always has many irrational emotional experiences, such as sufferings, anxiety, fear, hesitation, desire, passion , emptiness and despair as well. And ,these experiences are the real conditions of life and show the essence of life ; such an individual always desires to transcend the worldly aesthetical stage and ethical one , and go forward to God. Only in the absolute relation between the individual and God can eternal happiness exist . To the single individual, faith is the only way of extrication. In fact, Abraham depended on the absolute faith in God so as not to lose Isaac, but to save him and even the whole family .But faith is also absurd. To ethics , it"s absurd to sacrifice his own son for God , because as a father , he loved Isaac more than himself. However , absurdly did Abraham have to take action . It"s the "absurdity" that makes the individual transcend the universality , farfrom ethics ; in addition , it"s by virtue of the "absurdity" that Abraham went through-the test and won Isaac . ..........Abraham isn"t a loved tragic hero—Agamemnon , but a lonely faith knight . In the face of God"s request , he had to suspend ethical requirements and resigned his loved son . what"s more , he couldn"t express himself for the reason that he only depended on faith and passion , which couldn"t be proved or expressed . Of course , people couldn"t understand him . He was in the absolute loneliness and had an absolute relation with the absolute (God). Only this kind of man could go to God indeed , and become a true Christian . Therefore , the religious life is the highest stage , and the religious man is the highest being.Kierkegaard also says : in the absurdity of faith , the existence is open , and the truth is enlighted . When the single individual confronts God , he would display the existential individual"s possibilites fully . At that time , he is filled with passion and strength , and grasps the existence . The empty enjoyment of the aesthetical stage and the peace of the ethical stage are resigned by the religious individual.. Faith opens the road to God that has everything in the world ,opens the road to the origins of possibility , and opens the road where there is no limit to possibility and impossibility for him . In his choice, project and determination ,an inside change is finished . And spirit is returned to itself . Just because of resignation does he have a true possession . As we know , there is no loss in eternity . The safe door of Heaven is opening only to these faithful reflecting single individuals , not to all . The serious conditions of people confronting God makes it be the essence of the Christian faith to practice Christian"s teachings .In Kierkegaard"s opinion , the most important character of faith is insideness, just individuality and
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